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Scratchbury Camp is the site of an Iron Age univallate hillfort located on Scratchbury Hill, near the village and civil parish of Norton Bavant in Wiltshire. The fort covers an area of 〔 and occupies the summit of the hill on the edge of Salisbury Plain, with its four-sided shape largely following the natural contours of the hill. The Iron Age hillfort dates to around 100 BC, but contains the remains of an earlier and smaller D-shaped enclosure or camp. The age of this earlier earthwork is currently subject to debate, and has been variously interpreted due to the inconclusive and incomplete nature of previous and differing excavation records; it may be early Iron Age dating to around 250 BC, but it has also been interpreted as being Bronze Age, dating to around 2000 BC.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Domesday Book online: Wiltshire )〕〔 There are seven Tumuli located within the enclosure of the fort, which were excavated in the 19th Century by Sir Richard Colt Hoare and William Cunnington. Finds from excavations at that time included for relics of bone, pottery, flint, brass, and amber jewellery, most of which can be seen today at the Wiltshire Heritage Museum in Devizes.〔 In addition other items of interest have been found in and around the site including Roman artefacts〔 and neolithic flint and jade axe heads.〔 The site is listed on Wiltshire Council's Sites and Monuments Record number ST94SW200, and is also a scheduled monument number SM10213.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wiltshire and Swindon Sites and Monument Record Information )〕 The hillfort falls within a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, designated as ''Scratchbury & Cotley Hills SSSI'', which encompasses a total of , being first SSSI notified in 1951.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=English Nature: Scratchbury & Cotley Hills SSSI )〕 ==Etymology== The name of the hill could be derived from a choice of old English words and meanings, the etymology of which are ambiguous and open to interpretation given the differing sources. One possibility is that the name is derived from the words ''scratch'', an old West Country word for the Devil;〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Virtual Warminster website )〕 and ''bury'', from the Old English word ''beorg'', meaning a mound or hill, or sometimes a defense; although it could also be derived from ''Crech''〔Samuel Lewis, pp 501-505〕 or ''Crechen''〔 meaning a hill, and ''burh'', meaning a fortified town or a defended site.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hall, Alaric, (2001). Quaestio2: Selected Proceedings of the Cambridge Colloquium in Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic. 'Old MacDonald had a Fyrm, eo, eo, y: Two Marginal Developments of 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scratchbury Camp」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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